Advocacy group GLAAD issued new data finding that five major social media platforms — Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Twitter and YouTube — each fail to provide adequate policies to protect LGBTQ users’ safety, privacy and expression.

GLAAD’s second annual Social Media Safety Index, released Wednesday, introduced a new Platform Scorecard analyzing LGBTQ user safety across the five platforms based on a proprietary scoring system. All five had scores under 50 out of 100.

About 40% of all LGBTQ adults — and 49% of transgender and nonbinary people — do not feel welcomed and safe on social media, according to newly released findings from a May 2022 survey GLAAD conducted with Community Marketing & Insights. Overall, 84% of LGBTQ adults agree there are not enough protections on social media to prevent discrimination, harassment or disinformation.

The GLAAD Social Media Safety Index’s Platform Scorecard used 12 LGBTQ-specific indicators to generate numeric ratings for safety, privacy and expression for the five platforms measured. Those included: explicit protections from hate and harassment for LGBTQ users; offering gender pronoun options on profiles; and prohibiting advertising that could be harmful and/or discriminatory to LGBTQ people. Each of the platforms had a failing grade: Instagram (48%), Facebook (46%), Twitter (45%), YouTube (45%) and TikTok (43%).

The report noted that of the five services, only Twitter and TikTok have policies that expressly prohibit deadnaming and misgendering. However, Twitter and TikTok fell down in other areas, such as clearly disclosing options users have to control the company’s collection, inference and use of information related to their sexual orientation and gender identity.

“All platforms should follow the lead of TikTok and Twitter and should immediately incorporate an explicit prohibition against targeted misgendering and deadnaming of transgender and non-binary people into hateful conduct policies,” Jenni Olson, GLAAD’s senior director of social media safety, said in a statement. “This recommendation remains an especially high priority in our current landscape where anti-trans rhetoric and attacks are so prevalent, vicious, and harmful. We also urge these companies to effectively moderate such content and to enforce these policies.”

The full report is at this link. Funding for GLAAD’s Social Media Safety Index came from Craig Newmark Philanthropies, the Gill Foundation and Logitech. GLAAD said it held briefings with each platform named in the Social Media Safety Index prior to its release.

The GLAAD report issued several recommendations for social media platforms, including:

• Improving the design of algorithms that currently circulate and amplify harmful content, extremism and hate.
• Training moderators to understand the needs of LGBTQ users, and to moderate across all languages, cultural contexts and regions.
• Being transparent with regard to content moderation, community guidelines and terms of service policy implementation and algorithm designs.
• Strengthening and enforcing existing community guidelines and terms of service that protect LGBTQ people and others.
• Protecting data privacy, especially where LGBTQ people are vulnerable to serious harms and violence, including ceasing the practice of targeted advertising.

The 2022 Social Media Safety Index’s Platform Scorecard was developed by GLAAD in partnership with Ranking Digital Rights and Goodwin Simon Strategic Research.

GLAAD created the Social Media Safety Index in collaboration with an advisory committee whose members include ALOK, author, performer and media personality; Lucy Bernholz, PhD, director, Digital Civil Society Lab at Stanford University; Alejandra Caraballo, clinical instructor, Cyberlaw Clinic, Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society at Harvard Law School; Jelani Drew-Davi, director of campaigns, Kairos; Liz Fong-Jones, principal developer advocate for SRE and observability, Honeycomb; Evan Greer, director, Fight for the Future; Leigh Honeywell, CEO and co-founder, Tall Poppy; Maria Ressa, CEO, Rappler; Tom Rielly, founder, TED Fellows program, Digital Queers and PlanetOut.com; Brennan Suen, deputy director of external affairs, Media Matters for America; and journalist Kara Swisher.